As originally enacted, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) required each state to expand Medicaid eligibility to all individuals with incomes at or below 138 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL), beginning in2014. If a state expands Medicaid, the federal government will pay 100 percent of the cost of newly eligible enrollees during calendar years 2014– 16. After that, the federal share will gradually decline to 90 percent in 2020 and thereafter. The expansion was intended to be implemented in all states. However, as a result of the 2012 Supreme Court decision on the ACA, the Medicaid expansion is now effectively a state choice.
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